/* riadalchami.com — "Margin Note" identity: Ink & Paper, oxblood margin rule, Source Serif 4 / IBM Plex Sans / Newsreader Italic */
:root{
  --paper:#F6F3EC; --paper-2:#EEEAE0; --surface:#FBF9F4; --ink:#1C2230; --ink-2:#394050; --graphite:#565D6B;
  --rule:#D9D3C7; --rule-2:#C7C0B2; --ox:#8A2E2A; --ox-soft:#F1E4E1; --focus:#8A2E2A;
  --chip:#E8E3D8; --ok:#2F6B4A; --ok-soft:#E3EFE7; --err:#8A2E2A;
  --shadow:0 1px 2px rgb(28 34 48/.05),0 10px 30px rgb(28 34 48/.06);
  --nav-glass:rgb(246 243 236/.82);
  /* fixed worlds: ink bands (footer, video cover) look the same in both themes */
  --band:#1C2230; --band-2:#252C3B; --band-ink:#F6F3EC; --band-muted:#B9BDC6; --band-ox:#C9786C; --band-line:rgb(246 243 236/.14);
  --serif:"Source Serif 4","Source Serif Pro",Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;
  --sans:"IBM Plex Sans",system-ui,-apple-system,"Segoe UI",sans-serif;
  --note:"Newsreader","Source Serif 4",Georgia,serif;
  --ar-serif:"Noto Naskh Arabic","Amiri","Times New Roman",serif;
  --ar-sans:"IBM Plex Sans Arabic","Noto Sans Arabic",system-ui,sans-serif;
  --ease:cubic-bezier(.2,0,0,1); --spring:cubic-bezier(.32,.72,0,1);
  --gutter:clamp(16px,4vw,40px); --maxw:1180px;
}
@media (prefers-color-scheme:dark){:root:not([data-theme="light"]){
  --paper:#12161F; --paper-2:#181D28; --surface:#1C2230; --ink:#F1EDE4; --ink-2:#D3CEC3; --graphite:#AAB0BC;
  --rule:#2E3544; --rule-2:#3B4354; --ox:#C9786C; --ox-soft:#2E1E1E; --focus:#C9786C;
  --chip:#252C3B; --ok:#7CC49A; --ok-soft:#15281E; --err:#E39A90;
  --shadow:0 1px 2px rgb(0 0 0/.3),0 10px 30px rgb(0 0 0/.3); --nav-glass:rgb(18 22 31/.8);
  --band:#0C0F16; --band-2:#161B26; color-scheme:dark}}
:root[data-theme="dark"]{
  --paper:#12161F; --paper-2:#181D28; --surface:#1C2230; --ink:#F1EDE4; --ink-2:#D3CEC3; --graphite:#AAB0BC;
  --rule:#2E3544; --rule-2:#3B4354; --ox:#C9786C; --ox-soft:#2E1E1E; --focus:#C9786C;
  --chip:#252C3B; --ok:#7CC49A; --ok-soft:#15281E; --err:#E39A90;
  --shadow:0 1px 2px rgb(0 0 0/.3),0 10px 30px rgb(0 0 0/.3); --nav-glass:rgb(18 22 31/.8);
  --band:#0C0F16; --band-2:#161B26; color-scheme:dark}

*,*::before,*::after{box-sizing:border-box}
html{-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;scroll-padding-top:calc(76px + env(safe-area-inset-top,0px))}
@media (prefers-reduced-motion:no-preference){html{scroll-behavior:smooth}}
body{margin:0;background:var(--paper);color:var(--ink);font:400 1.0625rem/1.65 var(--sans);-webkit-font-smoothing:antialiased;text-rendering:optimizeLegibility;overflow-x:clip}
html[lang="ar"] body{font-family:var(--ar-sans);font-size:1.125rem;line-height:1.85}
h1,h2,h3,h4,p,ul,ol,dl,dd,figure,blockquote{margin:0}
ul,ol{padding:0;list-style:none}
img{max-width:100%;height:auto;display:block}
a{color:inherit;text-decoration-thickness:1px;text-underline-offset:.18em}
button,input,select,textarea{font:inherit;color:inherit}
button{cursor:pointer;-webkit-tap-highlight-color:transparent;touch-action:manipulation}
:focus-visible{outline:2px solid var(--focus);outline-offset:3px;border-radius:3px}
.sr{position:absolute;width:1px;height:1px;overflow:hidden;clip:rect(0 0 0 0);white-space:nowrap}
.skip{position:absolute;inset-inline-start:12px;top:-60px;z-index:100;background:var(--ink);color:var(--paper);padding:10px 14px;border-radius:6px;text-decoration:none}
.skip:focus{top:12px}
.wrap{max-width:var(--maxw);margin-inline:auto;padding-inline:var(--gutter)}
.num{font-variant-numeric:tabular-nums lining-nums}
.ltr{direction:ltr;unicode-bidi:isolate}

/* type */
.serif{font-family:var(--serif)}
h1,.h1{font:600 clamp(2.4rem,5.2vw,4.25rem)/1.04 var(--serif);letter-spacing:-.022em;text-wrap:balance;font-optical-sizing:auto}
h2,.h2{font:600 clamp(1.75rem,3.2vw,2.6rem)/1.1 var(--serif);letter-spacing:-.016em;text-wrap:balance}
h3,.h3{font:600 1.3rem/1.25 var(--serif);letter-spacing:-.008em;text-wrap:balance}
html[lang="ar"] :is(h1,.h1,h2,.h2,h3,.h3){font-family:var(--ar-serif);letter-spacing:0;line-height:1.35;font-weight:700}
html[lang="ar"] :is(h1,.h1){font-size:clamp(2.1rem,4.4vw,3.5rem)}
.eyebrow{font:500 .75rem/1.3 var(--sans);letter-spacing:.14em;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--graphite)}
html[lang="ar"] .eyebrow{font-family:var(--ar-sans);letter-spacing:0;font-size:.95rem;text-transform:none}
.lead{font-size:clamp(1.1rem,1.5vw,1.25rem);line-height:1.6;color:var(--ink-2);max-width:62ch}
.note{font:italic 400 1.05rem/1.5 var(--note);color:var(--graphite)}
html[lang="ar"] .note{font-family:var(--ar-serif);font-style:normal}
.muted{color:var(--graphite)}
.prose{max-width:68ch}
.prose p+p{margin-top:1em}
.tbd{color:var(--ox);font-weight:600}

/* the margin rule — the brand's signature device */
.ruled{position:relative;padding-inline-start:clamp(18px,1.6vw,26px)}
.ruled>.mr{position:absolute;inset-inline-start:0;top:.12em;bottom:.08em;width:clamp(3px,.32vw,5px);background:var(--ox);transform-origin:50% 0}
.sec-h{display:grid;gap:12px;max-width:760px;margin-bottom:clamp(28px,4vw,48px)}
.sec-h h2{position:relative;padding-inline-start:clamp(16px,1.4vw,22px)}
.sec-h h2>.mr{position:absolute;inset-inline-start:0;top:.14em;bottom:.1em;width:4px;background:var(--ox);transform-origin:50% 0}

/* header */
.top{position:sticky;top:0;z-index:40;background:var(--nav-glass);-webkit-backdrop-filter:blur(18px) saturate(160%);backdrop-filter:blur(18px) saturate(160%);border-bottom:1px solid transparent;padding-top:env(safe-area-inset-top,0px);transition:border-color .25s var(--ease),box-shadow .25s var(--ease)}
.top.scrolled{border-bottom-color:var(--rule);box-shadow:0 6px 18px -12px rgb(28 34 48/.25)}
.top .wrap{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:20px;min-height:68px}
.logo{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;min-height:44px;color:var(--ink);flex:none}
.logo svg{height:28px;width:auto}
.logo .lt{fill:currentColor}.logo .lr{fill:var(--ox)}
.logo.ar svg{height:34px}
.mainnav{display:flex;gap:2px;margin-inline-start:auto}
.mainnav a{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;min-height:44px;padding:0 11px;border-radius:6px;font-size:.94rem;font-weight:500;color:var(--ink-2);text-decoration:none;position:relative;transition:color .2s var(--ease),background-color .2s var(--ease)}
.mainnav a:hover{color:var(--ink);background:var(--paper-2)}
.mainnav a[aria-current="page"]{color:var(--ink)}
.mainnav a[aria-current="page"]::after{content:"";position:absolute;inset-inline:11px;bottom:8px;height:2px;background:var(--ox)}
.mainnav a:active{background:var(--chip)}
.langlink{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;min-height:44px;min-width:44px;padding:0 12px;border-radius:6px;border:1px solid var(--rule-2);font-weight:600;font-size:.94rem;text-decoration:none;color:var(--ink);transition:background-color .2s var(--ease),transform .4s var(--spring)}
.langlink:hover{background:var(--paper-2)}
.langlink:active{transform:scale(.96);transition-duration:.1s}
.langlink[lang="ar"]{font-family:var(--ar-sans)}
.menubtn{display:none;align-items:center;justify-content:center;width:44px;height:44px;border-radius:6px;border:1px solid var(--rule-2);background:none;color:var(--ink);transition:transform .4s var(--spring)}
.menubtn:active{transform:scale(.94);transition-duration:.1s}
.menubtn svg{width:20px;height:20px;stroke:currentColor;fill:none;stroke-width:1.8;stroke-linecap:round}
.menubtn .x{display:none}.menubtn[aria-expanded="true"] .x{display:block}.menubtn[aria-expanded="true"] .b{display:none}
@media (max-width:980px){
  .menubtn{display:inline-flex}
  .top .langlink{margin-inline-start:auto}
  .mainnav{position:absolute;inset-inline:0;top:100%;flex-direction:column;gap:0;padding:8px var(--gutter) 18px;background:var(--paper);border-bottom:1px solid var(--rule);box-shadow:var(--shadow);transform-origin:top;visibility:hidden;opacity:0;transform:translateY(-8px);transition:opacity .22s var(--ease),transform .32s var(--spring),visibility 0s linear .32s;margin:0}
  .mainnav.open{visibility:visible;opacity:1;transform:none;transition:opacity .22s var(--ease),transform .32s var(--spring),visibility 0s}
  .mainnav a{min-height:50px;font-size:1.05rem;border-bottom:1px solid var(--rule);border-radius:0;padding:0 4px}
  .mainnav a[aria-current="page"]::after{inset-inline:auto;inset-inline-start:-12px;top:14px;bottom:14px;width:3px;height:auto}
}

/* buttons */
.btn{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;gap:10px;min-height:48px;padding:0 22px;border-radius:6px;background:transparent;cursor:pointer;font:600 .98rem/1 var(--sans);text-decoration:none;border:1px solid transparent;transition:background-color .2s var(--ease),color .2s var(--ease),border-color .2s var(--ease),transform .45s var(--spring)}
html[lang="ar"] .btn{font-family:var(--ar-sans)}
.btn:active,.btn.pressed{transform:scale(.97);transition-duration:.1s}
.btn-ink{background:var(--ink);color:var(--paper)}
.btn-ink:hover{background:var(--ink-2)}
.btn-line{border-color:var(--rule-2);color:var(--ink)}
.btn-line:hover{background:var(--paper-2);border-color:var(--ink-2)}
.btn-text{padding:0 4px;min-height:44px;color:var(--ox);text-decoration:underline;text-decoration-color:color-mix(in srgb,var(--ox) 40%,transparent)}
.btn-text:hover{text-decoration-color:var(--ox)}
.btn svg{width:16px;height:16px;stroke:currentColor;fill:none;stroke-width:1.8;stroke-linecap:round;stroke-linejoin:round}
html[dir="rtl"] .btn .arr{transform:scaleX(-1)}
.ctas{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:10px 12px;align-items:center}

/* sections */
.sec{padding-block:clamp(64px,9vw,120px)}
.sec.alt{background:var(--paper-2)}
.sec+.sec:not(.alt){border-top:1px solid var(--rule)}
.pagehead{padding-block:clamp(48px,7vw,96px) clamp(28px,4vw,48px);border-bottom:1px solid var(--rule)}
.pagehead .wrap{display:grid;gap:16px}
.pagehead h1{font-size:clamp(2.3rem,4.6vw,3.6rem)}
.crumbs{font-size:.88rem;color:var(--graphite)}
.crumbs a{color:var(--graphite)}

/* hero */
.hero{padding-block:clamp(40px,6vw,88px) clamp(56px,8vw,104px)}
.hero .wrap{display:grid;grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1.15fr) minmax(0,.85fr);gap:clamp(32px,6vw,80px);align-items:center}
.hero .copy{display:grid;gap:24px;min-width:0}
.hero h1{max-width:17ch;font-size:clamp(2.3rem,4.6vw,3.7rem)}
.hero .strap{font:italic 400 clamp(1.2rem,1.8vw,1.45rem)/1.4 var(--note);color:var(--ox)}
html[lang="ar"] .hero .strap{font-family:var(--ar-serif);font-style:normal}
.portrait{position:relative;margin:0;min-width:0}
.portrait img{width:100%;aspect-ratio:4/5;object-fit:cover;object-position:50% 18%;border-radius:4px;background:#0d0f14}
.portrait figcaption{margin-top:12px;font-size:.88rem;color:var(--graphite);padding-inline-start:12px;border-inline-start:2px solid var(--ox)}
@media (max-width:860px){.hero .wrap{grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1fr)}.portrait{max-width:420px}.portrait img{aspect-ratio:1/1}}

/* status labels */
.tag{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;min-height:24px;padding:0 9px;border-radius:3px;font:600 .72rem/1 var(--sans);letter-spacing:.08em;text-transform:uppercase;white-space:nowrap}
html[lang="ar"] .tag{font-family:var(--ar-sans);letter-spacing:0;font-size:.8rem}
.tag.peer{background:var(--ink);color:var(--paper)}
.tag.chapter{box-shadow:inset 0 0 0 1px var(--ink-2);color:var(--ink-2)}
.tag.article{box-shadow:inset 0 0 0 1px var(--rule-2);color:var(--graphite)}
.tag.essay{background:var(--ox-soft);color:var(--ox)}
.tag.soon{background:var(--chip);color:var(--graphite)}

/* featured paper */
.feature{display:grid;grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1fr) minmax(0,1fr);gap:clamp(28px,5vw,64px);align-items:start}
.feature .card{display:grid;gap:16px;padding:clamp(22px,3vw,36px);background:var(--surface);border:1px solid var(--rule);border-radius:4px;box-shadow:var(--shadow);min-width:0}
.feature .card h3{font-size:clamp(1.4rem,2.2vw,1.85rem);line-height:1.2}
.feature .card h3 a{text-decoration:none}
.feature .card h3 a:hover{text-decoration:underline;text-decoration-color:var(--ox)}
.byline{font-size:.95rem;color:var(--ink-2)}
.byline b{font-weight:600;color:var(--ink)}
.venue{font:italic 400 1.02rem/1.45 var(--note);color:var(--graphite)}
html[lang="ar"] .venue{font-family:var(--ar-sans);font-style:normal}
.doi{font:500 .9rem/1.4 var(--sans);color:var(--ox);word-break:break-all}
.doi a{color:var(--ox)}
.morelist{display:grid;border-top:1px solid var(--rule)}
.morelist li{border-bottom:1px solid var(--rule)}
.morelist a{display:grid;grid-template-columns:auto minmax(0,1fr);gap:4px 14px;padding:16px 0;text-decoration:none;align-items:baseline}
.morelist .n{font:600 .85rem var(--sans);color:var(--ox);grid-row:span 2}
.morelist b{font:600 1.08rem/1.3 var(--serif)}
html[lang="ar"] .morelist b{font-family:var(--ar-serif)}
.morelist span{font-size:.9rem;color:var(--graphite)}
.morelist a:active,.themes a:active{background:var(--chip)}
.citetabs button:active{transform:scale(.97)}
.morelist a:hover b{text-decoration:underline;text-decoration-color:var(--ox);text-underline-offset:.18em}
@media (max-width:860px){.feature{grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1fr)}}

/* three verbs */
.verbs{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(3,minmax(0,1fr));gap:clamp(20px,3vw,40px)}
.verbs article{display:grid;gap:12px;align-content:start;padding-top:20px;border-top:2px solid var(--ink);min-width:0}
.verbs .k{font:italic 400 1.1rem var(--note);color:var(--ox)}
html[lang="ar"] .verbs .k{font-family:var(--ar-serif);font-style:normal}
.verbs p{color:var(--ink-2)}
@media (max-width:820px){.verbs{grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1fr)}}

/* themes */
.themes{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:1px;background:var(--rule);border:1px solid var(--rule)}
.themes>a{flex:1 1 210px}
.themes a{display:grid;gap:10px;align-content:start;padding:24px;background:var(--paper);text-decoration:none;min-height:150px;transition:background-color .2s var(--ease)}
.sec.alt .themes a{background:var(--paper-2)}
.themes a:hover{background:var(--surface)}
.themes b{font:600 1.15rem/1.3 var(--serif)}
html[lang="ar"] .themes b{font-family:var(--ar-serif)}
.themes span{font-size:.9rem;color:var(--graphite)}
.themes .c{font:600 2rem/1 var(--serif);color:var(--ox)}

/* data callout */
.callout{display:grid;grid-template-columns:auto minmax(0,1fr);gap:clamp(20px,4vw,56px);align-items:center}
.callout .big{font:600 clamp(3.6rem,9vw,7rem)/.95 var(--serif);letter-spacing:-.03em}
.callout p{font-size:1.1rem;color:var(--ink-2);max-width:46ch}
.callout .src{display:block;margin-top:10px;font-size:.85rem;color:var(--graphite)}
@media (max-width:640px){.callout{grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1fr)}}

/* talk */
.talk{display:grid;grid-template-columns:auto minmax(0,1fr) auto;gap:20px 32px;align-items:center;padding:clamp(22px,3vw,32px);border:1px solid var(--rule-2);border-radius:4px;background:var(--surface)}
.talk .date{display:grid;justify-items:center;padding:12px 16px;border-inline-end:1px solid var(--rule);min-width:96px}
.talk .date b{font:600 2.2rem/1 var(--serif)}
.talk .date span{font:600 .78rem var(--sans);letter-spacing:.12em;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--ox)}
.talk h3{font-size:1.35rem}
.talk p{color:var(--ink-2);margin-top:6px}
@media (max-width:700px){.talk{grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1fr)}.talk .date{justify-items:start;border:0;padding:0}}

/* essays / empty */
.empty>.tag{justify-self:start}
.empty{display:grid;gap:14px;padding:clamp(24px,4vw,40px);border:1px dashed var(--rule-2);border-radius:4px;background:var(--surface);max-width:760px}
.series{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:8px}
.series li{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;min-height:36px;padding:0 14px;border-radius:999px;background:var(--chip);font:500 .92rem var(--sans);color:var(--ink-2)}
html[lang="ar"] .series li{font-family:var(--ar-sans)}
.legend{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(auto-fit,minmax(220px,1fr));gap:16px}
.legend div{display:grid;gap:8px;align-content:start;padding:18px;border:1px solid var(--rule);border-radius:4px;background:var(--surface)}
.legend p{font-size:.94rem;color:var(--ink-2)}

/* profiles */
.profiles{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(3,minmax(0,1fr));gap:12px}
@media (max-width:900px){.profiles{grid-template-columns:repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr))}}
@media (max-width:520px){.profiles{grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1fr)}}
.contactside .profiles{grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1fr)}
.profiles a{display:grid;gap:6px;padding:18px 20px;border:1px solid var(--rule);border-radius:4px;background:var(--surface);text-decoration:none;min-height:96px;transition:border-color .2s var(--ease),transform .45s var(--spring)}
.profiles a:hover{border-color:var(--ox)}
.profiles a:active{transform:scale(.98);transition-duration:.1s}
.profiles b{font:600 1.05rem var(--sans);display:flex;justify-content:space-between;gap:8px;align-items:center}
.profiles span{font-size:.86rem;color:var(--graphite)}
.profiles a.first{border-color:var(--ink);box-shadow:inset 3px 0 0 var(--ox)}
html[dir="rtl"] .profiles a.first{box-shadow:inset -3px 0 0 var(--ox)}
.profiles svg{width:15px;height:15px;stroke:currentColor;fill:none;stroke-width:1.8;flex:none}
html[dir="rtl"] .profiles svg{transform:scaleX(-1)}

/* research list */
.tools{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:10px 16px;align-items:center;justify-content:space-between;margin-bottom:28px}
.chips{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:8px}
.chips button{min-height:44px;padding:0 14px;border-radius:999px;border:1px solid var(--rule-2);background:transparent;font:500 .9rem var(--sans);color:var(--ink-2);transition:background-color .2s var(--ease),color .2s,border-color .2s,transform .4s var(--spring)}
html[lang="ar"] .chips button{font-family:var(--ar-sans)}
.chips button:hover{border-color:var(--ink-2)}
.chips button:active{transform:scale(.96);transition-duration:.1s}
.chips button[aria-pressed="true"]{background:var(--ink);color:var(--paper);border-color:var(--ink)}
.search{min-height:44px;min-width:0;flex:0 1 300px;padding:0 14px;border-radius:6px;border:1px solid var(--rule-2);background:var(--surface);font-size:1rem}
.search::placeholder{color:var(--graphite)}
.group{margin-top:clamp(36px,5vw,56px)}
.group:first-of-type{margin-top:0}
.group>h2{font-size:clamp(1.35rem,2.2vw,1.7rem);margin-bottom:8px;display:flex;gap:12px;align-items:baseline}
.group>h2 small{font:500 .9rem var(--sans);color:var(--graphite)}
.pubs{display:grid;border-top:1px solid var(--rule)}
.pub{display:grid;grid-template-columns:72px minmax(0,1fr);gap:6px 24px;padding:24px 0;border-bottom:1px solid var(--rule)}
.pub .yr{font:600 1.05rem/1.4 var(--serif);color:var(--graphite)}
.pub .body{display:grid;gap:8px;min-width:0}
.pub h3{font-size:1.2rem;line-height:1.3}
.pub h3 a{text-decoration:none}
.pub h3 a:hover{text-decoration:underline;text-decoration-color:var(--ox)}
.pub .meta{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:6px 14px;align-items:center}
.pub[hidden]{display:none}
#count{margin:0 0 18px;font-size:.92rem}
.noresults{padding:28px 0;color:var(--graphite)}
@media (max-width:600px){.pub{grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1fr)}.pub .yr{font-size:.95rem}}
@media (max-width:640px){.chips{flex-wrap:nowrap;overflow-x:auto;scroll-snap-type:x proximity;margin-inline:calc(-1*var(--gutter));padding-inline:var(--gutter);padding-bottom:4px;scrollbar-width:none;width:calc(100% + 2*var(--gutter))}.chips::-webkit-scrollbar{display:none}.chips button{flex:none;scroll-snap-align:start}.search{flex:1 1 100%}}

/* paper page */
.paper{display:grid;grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1fr) 340px;gap:clamp(28px,5vw,64px);align-items:start}
.paper .main{display:grid;gap:22px;min-width:0}
.pagehead h1.long{font-size:clamp(1.75rem,3.2vw,2.6rem);line-height:1.15;max-width:32ch}
.facts{display:grid;grid-template-columns:max-content minmax(0,1fr);gap:10px 20px;padding:20px 0;border-block:1px solid var(--rule)}
.facts dt{font-size:.85rem;font-weight:600;letter-spacing:.06em;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--graphite);padding-top:2px}
html[lang="ar"] .facts dt{letter-spacing:0;text-transform:none}
.facts dd{min-width:0;overflow-wrap:anywhere}
.abstract{display:grid;gap:12px;padding:22px 24px;background:var(--surface);border:1px solid var(--rule);border-radius:4px}
.aside{display:grid;gap:16px;position:sticky;top:96px}
.citebox{display:grid;gap:10px;padding:20px;border:1px solid var(--rule);border-radius:4px;background:var(--surface);min-width:0}
.citebox h2{font-size:1.15rem}
.citetabs{display:flex;gap:4px;padding:3px;border-radius:6px;background:var(--chip)}
.citetabs button{flex:1;min-height:44px;border:0;border-radius:4px;background:transparent;font:600 .88rem var(--sans);color:var(--graphite);transition:background-color .2s,color .2s}
.citetabs button[aria-selected="true"]{background:var(--surface);color:var(--ink);box-shadow:0 1px 2px rgb(0 0 0/.08)}
.citebox pre{margin:0;padding:14px;border-radius:4px;background:var(--paper);border:1px solid var(--rule);font:400 .82rem/1.55 ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Consolas,monospace;white-space:pre-wrap;word-break:break-word;max-height:260px;overflow:auto;direction:ltr;text-align:left}
.copybtn{min-height:44px}
.copied{font-size:.88rem;color:var(--ok);min-height:1.4em}
@media (max-width:920px){.paper{grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1fr)}.aside{position:static}}
@media (max-width:560px){.facts{grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1fr);gap:2px}.facts dd{margin-bottom:12px}}

/* about */
.bio{display:grid;grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1.2fr) minmax(0,.8fr);gap:clamp(28px,5vw,72px);align-items:start}
.draftnote{display:inline-flex;gap:8px;align-items:center;padding:6px 12px;border-radius:999px;background:var(--ox-soft);color:var(--ox);font-size:.85rem;font-weight:600}
.timeline{display:grid;border-top:1px solid var(--rule)}
.timeline li{display:grid;grid-template-columns:200px minmax(0,1fr);gap:6px 24px;padding:18px 0;border-bottom:1px solid var(--rule)}
.timeline .when{font:500 .95rem var(--sans);color:var(--graphite)}
.timeline b{font:600 1.08rem/1.35 var(--serif);display:block}
html[lang="ar"] .timeline b{font-family:var(--ar-serif)}
.timeline span{color:var(--ink-2)}
@media (max-width:860px){.bio{grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1fr)}}
@media (max-width:600px){.timeline li{grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1fr)}}
.ids{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(auto-fit,minmax(240px,1fr));gap:12px}
.ids div{padding:16px 18px;border:1px solid var(--rule);border-radius:4px;background:var(--surface)}
.ids dt{font-size:.8rem;font-weight:600;letter-spacing:.08em;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--graphite)}
.ids dd{font:500 1rem var(--sans);margin-top:4px;overflow-wrap:anywhere}
.signature{width:min(220px,60%);margin-top:22px}
@media (prefers-color-scheme:dark){:root:not([data-theme="light"]) .signature{filter:invert(1) hue-rotate(180deg) brightness(1.2)}}
:root[data-theme="dark"] .signature{filter:invert(1) hue-rotate(180deg) brightness(1.2)}

/* topics */
.topics{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr));gap:clamp(16px,2.5vw,28px)}
.topics article{display:grid;gap:10px;align-content:start;padding:24px;border:1px solid var(--rule);border-radius:4px;background:var(--surface);min-width:0}
.topics p{color:var(--ink-2);font-size:.98rem}
.topics .src{font-size:.85rem;color:var(--graphite)}
@media (max-width:760px){.topics{grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1fr)}}
.split{display:grid;grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1fr) minmax(0,1fr);gap:clamp(28px,5vw,72px);align-items:center}
.split img{border-radius:4px;aspect-ratio:4/5;object-fit:cover;object-position:50% 20%;width:100%;background:#e7e8ea}
@media (max-width:860px){.split{grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1fr)}.split img{max-width:440px}}

/* video cover */
.cover{display:grid;grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1.1fr) minmax(0,.9fr);border-radius:6px;overflow:hidden;background:var(--band);color:var(--band-ink);min-height:360px}
.cover .txt{display:grid;align-content:space-between;gap:28px;padding:clamp(24px,4vw,44px)}
.cover .ep{font:500 .78rem var(--sans);letter-spacing:.16em;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--band-muted)}
.cover h2{color:var(--band-ink);font-size:clamp(1.8rem,3.4vw,2.8rem);position:relative;padding-inline-start:20px}
.cover h2 .mr{position:absolute;inset-inline-start:0;top:.12em;bottom:.08em;width:4px;background:var(--band-ox)}
.cover .lt{fill:var(--band-ink)}.cover .lr{fill:var(--band-ox)}
.cover .who svg{height:24px;width:auto}
.cover .who span{display:block;margin-top:8px;font-size:.82rem;color:var(--band-muted)}
.cover .ph{background:#dfe0e2}
.cover .ph img{width:100%;height:100%;object-fit:cover;object-position:50% 20%}
@media (max-width:760px){.cover{grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1fr)}.cover .ph{max-height:340px}}

/* forms */
.form{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr));gap:18px 20px;max-width:760px}
.form .full{grid-column:1/-1}
.field{display:grid;gap:7px;min-width:0}
.field label,.field legend{font-weight:600;font-size:.95rem}
.field .hint{font-size:.86rem;color:var(--graphite)}
.field input,.field textarea,.field select{width:100%;min-height:48px;padding:10px 14px;border-radius:6px;border:1px solid var(--rule-2);background:var(--surface);font-size:1rem;transition:border-color .2s,box-shadow .2s}
.field textarea{min-height:160px;resize:vertical;line-height:1.55}
.field input:focus,.field textarea:focus,.field select:focus{outline:none;border-color:var(--ink-2);box-shadow:0 0 0 3px color-mix(in srgb,var(--ox) 25%,transparent)}
.field [aria-invalid="true"]{border-color:var(--err)}
.field .err{font-size:.86rem;color:var(--err);font-weight:500;min-height:1.2em}
.reasons{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr));gap:10px;border:0;padding:0;margin:0}
.reasons legend{margin-bottom:10px}
.reasons label{display:flex;gap:12px;align-items:flex-start;padding:14px 16px;border:1px solid var(--rule-2);border-radius:6px;background:var(--surface);cursor:pointer;font-weight:500;min-height:56px;transition:border-color .2s,background-color .2s}
.reasons label:has(input:checked){border-color:var(--ink);box-shadow:inset 3px 0 0 var(--ox)}
html[dir="rtl"] .reasons label:has(input:checked){box-shadow:inset -3px 0 0 var(--ox)}
.reasons input{width:20px;height:20px;margin:2px 0 0;accent-color:var(--ox);flex:none}
.reasons small{display:block;font-weight:400;color:var(--graphite);font-size:.86rem;margin-top:2px}
.hp{position:absolute;width:1px;height:1px;overflow:hidden;clip-path:inset(50%);opacity:0;pointer-events:none}
.status{padding:14px 18px;border-radius:6px;font-weight:500}
.status.ok{background:var(--ok-soft);color:var(--ok)}
.status.bad{background:var(--ox-soft);color:var(--ox)}
@media (max-width:640px){.form,.reasons{grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1fr)}}
.contactside{display:grid;gap:18px;align-content:start}
.contactside dl{display:grid;gap:14px}
.contactside dt{font-size:.8rem;font-weight:600;letter-spacing:.08em;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--graphite)}
html[lang="ar"] .contactside dt{letter-spacing:0;text-transform:none}
.contactside dd{font-size:1.05rem;overflow-wrap:anywhere}
.two{display:grid;grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1.5fr) minmax(0,.9fr);gap:clamp(28px,5vw,72px);align-items:start}
@media (max-width:900px){.two{grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1fr)}}

/* footer */
.foot{background:var(--band);color:var(--band-muted);font-size:.94rem}
.foot .wrap{display:grid;grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1.2fr) repeat(3,minmax(0,1fr));gap:32px;padding-block:clamp(48px,6vw,72px) calc(32px + env(safe-area-inset-bottom,0px))}
.foot .brandcol{display:grid;gap:16px;align-content:start}
.foot .brandcol svg{height:62px;width:auto}
.foot .lt{fill:var(--band-ink)}.foot .lr{fill:var(--band-ox)}
.foot .strap{font:italic 400 1.1rem var(--note);color:var(--band-ink)}
html[lang="ar"] .foot .strap{font-family:var(--ar-serif);font-style:normal}
.foot h2{font:600 .78rem var(--sans);letter-spacing:.14em;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--band-ink);margin-bottom:12px}
html[lang="ar"] .foot h2{font-family:var(--ar-sans);letter-spacing:0;font-size:.95rem}
.foot ul{display:grid;gap:0}
.foot a{color:var(--band-muted);text-decoration:none;display:inline-flex;min-height:44px;align-items:center}
.foot a:hover{color:var(--band-ink);text-decoration:underline}
.foot .base{grid-column:1/-1;display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:8px 24px;justify-content:space-between;padding-top:24px;border-top:1px solid var(--band-line);font-size:.86rem}
@media (max-width:860px){.foot .wrap{grid-template-columns:repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr))}.foot .brandcol{grid-column:1/-1}}

/* motion initial states (JS adds .motion only when allowed) */
.motion .rv{opacity:0;transform:translateY(18px)}

/* accessibility media */
@media (prefers-reduced-motion:reduce){
  .btn:active,.btn.pressed,.langlink:active,.menubtn:active,.chips button:active,.profiles a:active{transform:none}
  .mainnav{transition:none!important}
}
@media (prefers-reduced-transparency:reduce){.top{background:var(--paper);-webkit-backdrop-filter:none;backdrop-filter:none}}
@media (prefers-contrast:more){
  :root{--rule:#9C9586;--rule-2:#6F6A5E;--graphite:#3E4552;--ink-2:#262C38}
  .feature .card,.profiles a,.pub,.citebox,.topics article{border-color:var(--ink)}
}
@media print{.top,.foot,.tools,.citetabs,.copybtn{display:none!important}body{background:#fff;color:#000}}